22% of US gamers play across PC, console, tablet and portable, and ...

Gaming market research firm Newzoo has described an alternative way to segment the games market.

This new model is based on the games and four possible screens - personal, entertainment, floating, and computer.

Newzoo argues that this approach is unmatched for showing single- and cross-screen growth opportunities.

Generally speaking, the entertainment screen is a consumer's television (console-based), the personal screen is their mobile, and the computer screen is obviously their desktop or laptop PC.

The 'floating' screen could be a handheld console or tablet.

Newzoo's research, based on its survey data, shows that 22 percent of America's estimated 153 million gamers already use all four screens to play games.

That figure rises to 31 percent when you look specifically at gamers who pay to play games.?

Newzoo reckons the US games market is worth $21.9 billion annually.?

Break it down

With 91 percent of gamers playing on a computer screen, it's currently far and away the most popular screen for gaming.

But the personal screen (mobile) is jostling for second position with the entertainment screen (TV), 67 percent of gamers play on their entertainment screen, while 59 percent play on their personal screen.

But despite attracting so many gamers, the personal screen accounts for only 8 percent of the money these 153 million Americans spend on their pastime.

It's a disparity which points to growth, Newzoo says, and its notable that although only 31 percent of gamers play on floating screens (tablets/portables), they generated 50 percent more money than personal screens (mobiles).

The lowdown

But, why segment the gaming market this way?

Newzoo CEO Peter Warman explained, "Our clients need to look ahead and our new approach is aimed at inspiring our clients and sizing concrete opportunities in a way that still makes sense in five years.

"Naturally we will, in parallel, keep segmenting the market in the traditional way,? he concluded.

You can see an infographic with the full results here.?

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Sorkin: Writing about Jobs is like writing about The Beatles

Screenwriter Aaron Sorkin (right) talks to D10 conference host Walt Mossberg (left).

(Credit:
Rafe Needleman/CNET)

Screenwriter Aaron Sorkin says that writing the screenplay for the upcoming biopic of late Apple co-founder Steve Jobs is a lot like trying to write about The Beatles.

Speaking at the D10 Conference today, the award-winning screenwriter and producer said he?s currently at the ?earliest possible stage? of putting together the screenplay for the feature film, and that it?s not just as simple as sitting down with the source material.

?What I?ll do is go through a long period that would not look to any casual observer like writing,? Sorkin jokingly told interviewer and conference founder Walt Mossberg. Instead, he said, it would ?look a lot more like watching ESPN to the untrained eye.?

Sorkin said writing the film has been a ?process of procrastination,? but also one that involves a completely different type of narrative structure than the source material, which is Walter Isaacson?s authorized biography of Jobs.

?Walter Isaacson wrote a terrific biography, but biographies when they?re turned into movies ? and there have been some terrific ones ? it?s very difficult to shake the cradle-to-grave structure of a biography,? Sorkin said. ?I?m instead probably going to identify the point of friction that appeals to me, and dramatize that.?

During the interview, Sorkin noted that he?s had hesitations while contemplating the screenplay, specifically because of how much people know about the intricacies of Jobs? life and personality.

?One of the hesitations I had in taking on the movie was that it?s a little like writing about The Beatles,? Sorkin said. ?There are so many people out there who know so much about him and who revere him. I saw a minefield of disappointment, frankly, that I was going to do something [wrong] and ? hopefully when I?m done with my research I?ll be in the same ballpark of knowledge about Steve Jobs as so many people in this room are.?

Sorkin famously penned ?The Social Network? from Ben Mezrich?s book ?The Accidental Billionaires,? which chronicled the founding and rise of Facebook. The film went on to win critical acclaim, though it failed to pick up an Oscar for Best Picture at the 83rd Annual Academy Awards, after being nominated. It did, however, win three Academy Awards, including one for Best Screenplay Adaptation, which went to Sorkin.

Sorkin said that Jobs and Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg share similarities, with each one ?an extremely complicated guy.?

?With as little as I know about the Steve Jobs movie ? I know this for sure ? that I can?t judge the character, he has to for me be a hero. I have to find the parts of him like me, I have to be able to defend his character,? Sorkin said.

?To put it as simply as possible, you want to write the character as if they?re making the case to God why they should be allowed into heaven,? he added.

Isaacson?s authorized biography of Jobs, details Jobs? life from beginning to end, and it is composed of some 40 interviews Isaacson had with Jobs, along with his friends, competitors, and colleagues. Sony Pictures acquired the rights to do a film adaptation from that book, and announced that Sorkin would be at the helm earlier this month.

Sorkin said one of the important things people need to think when viewing the end result of the whole process is that the film will have his fingerprints on it.

?All I can say at this early stage of the game is, I think any time you are at the movies and you see the words ?the following is a true story,? you should think of it as a painting and not a photograph,? Sorkin said. ?You?re going to get an authorial point of view, and there could probably be many movies about Steve Jobs, and in fact there will be two.?

Sorkin remained mum about who would play Jobs in the upcoming film, which will compete with a separate project starring Ashton Kutcher as Jobs that begins shooting in Jobs? childhood home next month.

Article source: http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57443763-93/sorkin-writing-about-jobs-is-like-writing-about-the-beatles/

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The Options For Sensible Systems For Improving Your Home ...

Unfortunately, some of the very best home improvement plans tend to be expensive. It is little consolation to realize that most people are in the same situation as you, we know. But a lot of that may just be pessimism and the result of thinking without knowing the facts. One thing you have to remember is there are many smaller types of improvement jobs you can do. To begin with, the thing to do today is begin looking and reading so you are more knowledgeable.

You can do all kinds of home improvements that consist of placing high quality security video and cameras in place. When it comes to video and all the various applications on the market, you really need to take your time. You can minimize all the hassles with cabling if you pick a wireless security camera. So be sure you download some catalogs and just start looking through what is available. No need to worry if you cannot afford a lot because these devices are priced all over the place. One health hazard most homeowners are aware of is the radon gas that seeps from the ground into our homes. A variety of health problems have been blamed on radon gas. Radon gas is a very serious issue as one of the risks from having it seep into your home is cancer. What you can do is seal your basement walls, floor and other appropriate areas. In addition to radon gas, you will also be preventing excess moisture from entering your home. Pop over to thinking about joke text messages for logical guidelines.

Ideally, most homeowners would like to be able to afford to do any kind of home improvement that strikes their fancy. Unfortunately, we must be realistic. Most homeowners have to settle for doing projects that are considered decorating instead of remodeling. Analyze one room at a time and you will note that there are many aspects of the room that can be tastefully changed to improve its ambience. A good example is in the bathroom. Add newer, more modern fixtures ? such as faucets ? and maybe a new mirror that has good lighting around its perimeter. Take a look at your windows and see what you can do with the curtains. It always makes a room look brighter and fresher if you give it a new coat of paint. Using a contrasting color for the trim is a nice touch.

Security is definitely something you can do to improve your home, so do not discount what is possible. So why not put security in place so everybody is taken care of, and it is a smart idea, too. You can find so many different things that are priced for those with a tight budget. There is a thriving second hand industry that is popping up, so keep that in mind, as well.

Navigate to my website for superb details ~ Sneak A Peek At These Guys or Visit THESE Guys.

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Tags: advice, business, career, computer, education, general, home, how to, Improvement, internet, learn, marketing, misc, miscellaneous, news, review, self, software, tech, training, uncategorized, web, work

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3 Online Marketing Guides for Real Estate Marketing ? Extensive ...

Online marketing are very useful tools to generates leads in the real estate industry. We have searched around, and found these 3 guides providing practical strategies and tools to promote real estate projects.

First Free Guide:?How to Attract Customers with Twitter

Everyone has a Twitter account, but how many of you actually use it for marketing purpose? The biggest mistake marketers make with Twitter is not realizing its full potential as a way to bring in more revenue.

This eBook, with a foreword by Laura Fitton, the author of ?Twitter for Dummies,? explains how to use the social network to drive real business results.

In this eBook, you will discover the different stages of optimizing your Twitter presence for attracting leads and customers.

• Optimize your Twitter presence for brand awareness & search
• Jump start your Twitter lead generation strategy
• Measure the ROI of Twitter

Please Click Here To Download This Guide

2nd Free Guide:?Learning SEO From the Experts: A Step-By-Step Guide

SEO is very useful tool to use for real estate projects, we see a lot of real estate marketing companies successfully implement them to attract investors from out-of-town and in international markets, but it can also be an expensive marketing strategy if not implemented correctly.

This?free 27-page SEO guide?covers all the elements of a successful SEO improvement strategy, including:

• Identifying Keyword Opportunities
• Mastering On-Page SEO
• Link-Building Strategies
• How to incorporate social media into your SEO efforts
• Tips for Ongoing SEO Improvement

This guide features contributions from top experts in the SEO industry.

Please Click Here To Request and Download This Guide

3rd Free Guide:?Practical Social Media Tools

Over 70 tools you can use today to take your social media program to new heights. The Social Media Tools Guide is a comprehensive list of social media marketing tools that they recommend for organizations considering social media management responsibilities.

I use this Guide myself for our business, including for many real estate clients, I think it is a good and practical guide with many tips you can consider.

Format: Download.

Please Click Here To Request and Download This Guide

Like this:

Be the first to like this post.

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milk soup &quot ;&quot ;(i.wet . a brisk 20 ~ 30 minutes, 4 floss your teeth using dental floss, In addition, 3,uses: in the food industry as anti-caking agent ,but after all,is a good low-calorie drinks .blood glucose , let people warmth. is undoubtedly a human complex and benchmarking. private hospitals also provide other recommended vaccines, must make an appointment in advance.qigong .

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Sophisiticated Condominiums at the Henry | Real estate and condos ...

Homes & condos in Alexandria, Arlington, Falls Church & Fairfax County VA

Condominiums at the Henry include one bedroom and two bedroom residences with an optional den. The Henry is located at 525 N. Fayette Street Alexandria Virginia 22314. The square footage for a one bedroom is 687-743 square feet, a one bedroom with den is 840-953 square feet, a two bedroom is 1,067-1,239 square feet, and lastly a two bedroom with a den is a total of 1,400-1,619 square feet. The Henry is a chic building located in historic Old Town just minutes from shops, restaurants and night life. The condominium fee includes: cable TV / high-speed internet, all amenities, common area charges, concierge, master insurance policy, and snow and t rash removal.

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Showing properties 1 - 5 of 133. See more Old Town.
(all data current as of 5/30/2012)

1. 5 beds, 3 full, 1 part baths

   Home size: 2,640 sq ft

   Lot size: 2,903 sqft

2. 5 beds, 3 full, 1 part baths

   Home size: 3,546 sq ft

   Lot size: 2,292 sqft

3. 2 beds, 1 full, 1 part baths

   Home size: 1,500 sq ft

   Lot size: 1,575 sqft

4. 4 beds, 2 full, 1 part baths

   Lot size: 2,715 sqft

5. 2 beds, 2 full, 2 part baths

   Home size: 3,589 sq ft

Listing information deemed reliable but not guaranteed. Read full disclaimer.

Posted in: For sale in Old Town Alexandria, Northern Virginia, Old Town Alexandria.
Tagged: 525 N. Fayette ? amenities at the henry ? chic building ? condominiums ? den ? night life ? Old Town ? one bedroom ? proximity ? restaurants ? shops ? square footage ? the henry

The multiple listing data appearing on this website, or contained in reports produced therefrom, comes in part from Metropolitan Regional Information Systems ("MRIS"). The information provided is for the viewer's personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties the viewer may be interested in purchasing. All real estate listings include detailed information about them that includes the name of the listing brokers and therefore may reference real estate listing(s) held by a brokerage other than the broker and/or agent who owns this web site.

All listing data, including, but not limited to, square footage and lot size is believed to be accurate, but the listing agent, listing broker and respective Multiple Listing Services and their affiliates do not warrant or guarantee such accuracy. Therefore, all data should be personally verified through personal inspection by and/or with the appropriate professionals. Listing data last updated 5/29/12 11:11 PM PDT.

The listing information on this web site is from various brokers who participate in IDX.

Copyright 2012 MRIS. All rights reserved.

This IDX solution is (c) Diverse Solutions 2012.

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Medical College Training along with Teaching. | Tego w?a?nie szukasz

You could be surprised to recognise that there are currently a top amount of licensed Breastfeeding Colleges during the united states. A number of these nursing jobs educational facilities get range teaching along with web-based level plans in case you are powerless to discover the moment to visit to classes. Sanita Schools will change by point out to mention, on the other hand, the skill-sets you are going to discover are going to be wide-spread. If you want to become a Physician, you?ll want to grasp how you can function besides using patient nevertheless with that people family, the physicians along with medical professionals assistants. As a possible successful nurse, you are the middle gentleman involving the physician along with affected individual and also frequently you should have much more direct connection with the affected person when compared to medical professional. Your primary responsibility may be the well being & health and fitness with the patient. Subsequently you may be in charge of starting affected individual evaluations. Because physician, you are supposed to end up being effectively prepared and posses the relevant skills as well as capacity to monitor and observe after a list involving critical indications, particularly respiration, beat along with hypertension degrees. Not merely contemplating required to know how to consider these kinds of sizes yet included in the package pozycjonowanie need to learn just what you ought to carry out in the event so when these vital signs indicate an individual with problems. Physicians are certainly not often obtainable as well as healthcare professionals are required to be educated sufficiently to handle significant life-threatening conditions. Surely, the chance to carry out within a rapid, excessive pressure, underhand place of work is vital. Following deciding ones training and education you will be effectively set to the perform that awaits you. In addition to the anticipations and talents inside the list previously mentioned you?ll also have to have the opportunity to finish technical methods together with IV setting, Catheter installation, phlebotomy, administering drugs by means of small needles along with a mixture of different jobs certainly not created for the actual squeamish. It truly is it is not all filthy do the job however. RN?s likewise build day-to-day health care methods for your own licensed nursing jobs associate to visit as you move the affected person is actually within the medical. When the sufferer will be introduced a different attention strategy will be formed and is also anticipated to possibly be executed because of the persons friends and family as well as particular the medical staff. The actual tasks intended for RN?s takes a different approach through condition to convey in addition to available as one capability to a different. The majority the actual Nursing Colleges present a lot of packages and school certifications of which concentrate on selected sanita employment opportunities. The type of part inside breastfeeding occupation is the Nurse Practitioner or healthcare provider. Some sort of Registered nurse Physician could be since nearby the medical doctor because you might could get without having to be just one. When it reaches this a higher level sanita it really is important which you have been qualified in many added attention duties which includes midwifery, anesthesiology along with other specialised medical responsibilities. In some says it usually is necasary to do a new Pros level within breastfeeding or maybe hold a Bachelor of Scientific discipline inside Nursing. Extra occupations in the breastfeeding control include: Brain NursesNurse SupervisorLicensed Sensible Registered nurse (LPN)Nursing Home NurseHome Health and fitness NurseNursing AidesCertified Medical Assistance (CNA)If this medical area provides captured your fascination and also you intend to conclude or even commence your current nursing schooling you must go to the web site below to read more. Thanks regarding examining as well as good luck together with your occupation!

This entry was posted in Zakupy and tagged business, pozycjonowanie, pozycjonowanie stron, seo by djn9l56c. Bookmark the permalink.

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Romney promises world's strongest military

Republican presidential candidate, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, speaks during a campaign event at the Veterans Museum & Memorial Center, Monday, May 28, 2012 in San Diego. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

Republican presidential candidate, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, speaks during a campaign event at the Veterans Museum & Memorial Center, Monday, May 28, 2012 in San Diego. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

Republican presidential candidate, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney greets veterans after speaking at a campaign stop at the Veterans Museum & Memorial Center, Monday, May 28, 2012 in San Diego. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

Republican presidential candidate, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, center, stands with Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., second from right and San Diego Veteran of the year Marine David Dicky while during a campaign stop at the Veterans Museum & Memorial Center, Monday, May 28, 2012, in San Diego. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

David and Cynthea Brown, of San Diego, wait for the start of a campaign event with Republican presidential candidate, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, and Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., at the Veterans Museum & Memorial Center, Monday, May 28, 2012 in San Diego. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

SAN DIEGO (AP) ? Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney promised Monday to maintain an American military "with no comparable power anywhere in the world."

The likely Republican presidential nominee faced a San Diego crowd estimated at 5,000 in what was billed as a Memorial Day service paying tribute to the nation's war dead, not a campaign rally. The appearance came the day before Romney was expected to win enough delegates to claim his party's nomination, a formality that cements his status as President Barack Obama's general election opponent.

Without naming his general election rival on Monday, Romney drew clear contrasts with Obama on the issue of defense.

The Democratic president has proposed reducing the size of the military following the end of the U.S. combat role in Iraq and plans to remove troops from Afghanistan at the end of 2014.

"We have two courses we can follow: One is to follow in the pathway of Europe, to shrink our military smaller and smaller to pay for our social needs," Romney said outside the city's Veterans Memorial Center and Museum. "The other is to commit to preserve America as the strongest military in the world, second to none, with no comparable power anywhere in the world."

The White House and congressional Republicans have agreed to cut $487 billion in military spending over the next decade. Even with Obama's proposed cuts in the military budget, the U.S. would remain by far the world's dominant military power. The Pentagon's budget this year exceeds $600 billion. Closest rival China said this year its defense budget will top $100 billion for the first time, although the U.S. claims China spends twice as much.

Across the country in Washington, Obama marked the solemn holiday with remembrances at Arlington National Cemetery, and later at the Vietnam War Memorial marking the 50th anniversary of U.S. involvement in Vietnam.

He noted that for the first time in nine years "Americans are not fighting and dying in Iraq. After a decade under the dark cloud of war, we can see the light of the new day on the horizon."

The candidates' comments underscored the political and practical effects the presidential contest could have on America's role in the world.

A new Gallup survey found that veterans prefer Romney over Obama by a double-digit margin, 58 percent to 34 percent. That voting bloc, consisting mostly of older men, makes up 13 percent of the adult population.

Obama won the presidency handily four years ago while losing veterans by 10 points to Sen. John McCain, a former Navy pilot. Neither Obama nor Romney served in the military. Romney, 65, did not serve in Vietnam. His campaign says he received deferments for his Mormon mission to France and academic studies. He later entered the draft, but his number was not called, a spokesman said. Obama, 50, was a child during the Vietnam conflict.

In San Diego, Romney was joined by McCain, a Vietnam veteran who spent more than five years as a prisoner of war. McCain said that Romney, "I believe, is fully qualified to be commander in chief."

Romney noted that he visited Afghanistan and Iraq during his term as Massachusetts governor. But he has limited foreign policy experience.

Still, Romney has been critical of Obama's plans to reduce the military, in addition to the administration's policy toward Syria's handling of the uprising against President Bashar Assad's government.

In a written statement Sunday, Romney said Obama "can no longer ignore calls from congressional leaders in both parties to take more assertive steps in Syria." Romney said the current approach has only given Syrian leaders more time to crackdown on protesters.

World leaders blame the Syrian government for the weekend killing of more than 100 people, including 49 children and 34 women, following peaceful protests.

"I wish I could tell you that the world is a safe place today. It is not," Romney said Monday, ticking off a list of threats including Iran, Pakistan, China, Russia, Venezuela and Mexican drug cartels. He did not mention Syria.

He spoke a day before Texas voters were likely to give him enough delegates to formally clinch the Republican presidential nomination.

Texas' Tuesday primary offers 152 delegates, and Romney is just 68 delegates shy of the 1,144 needed to become the nominee.

Romney said Monday that America's military might is needed "not so that we just win wars, but so we can prevent wars."

"A strong America is the best deterrent to war that has ever been invented," he said.

Associated Press

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Romney promises to maintain US military power

SAN DIEGO (AP) ? Former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, on the brink of clinching the Republican nomination, promised Monday to maintain an American military "with no comparable power anywhere in the world."

Romney spoke a day before Texas voters were likely to give him enough delegates to formally clinch the Republican presidential nomination, a formality that cements his status as President Barack Obama's general election opponent.

"It's a big day tomorrow," Romney said late Monday. "I'm looking forward to the good news."

Texas' Tuesday primary offers 152 delegates, and Romney is just 58 delegates shy of the 1,144 needed to become the nominee. Romney will be in Las Vegas on Tuesday attending a fundraiser hosted by celebrity real estate mogul Donald Trump.

Trump earlier in the week returned to the controversy over where Obama was born.

Romney has declined to repudiate Trump for embracing the fringe view, saying Monday evening that while he doesn't agree with all the people who support him, he appreciates their help to get him at least 50.1 percent of the vote in November.

Trump again contended this week that Obama was born in Kenya and raised in Indonesia, pointing to information in a catalog from a literary agency that represented Obama two decades ago. That view has been debunked repeatedly. Obama released his long-form birth certificate in April 2011 showing he was born in Hawaii while Trump weighed entering the Republican primary race.

Earlier Monday Romney faced a San Diego crowd estimated at 5,000 in what was billed as a Memorial Day service paying tribute to the nation's war dead, not a campaign rally.

Without naming his general election rival, Romney drew clear contrasts with Obama on the issue of defense.

The Democratic president has proposed reducing the size of the military following the end of the U.S. combat role in Iraq and plans to remove troops from Afghanistan by the end of 2014.

"We have two courses we can follow: One is to follow in the pathway of Europe, to shrink our military smaller and smaller to pay for our social needs," Romney said outside the Veterans Memorial Center and Museum. "The other is to commit to preserve America as the strongest military in the world, second to none, with no comparable power anywhere in the world."

The White House and congressional Republicans have agreed to cut $487 billion in military spending over the next decade. Even with Obama's proposed cuts in the military budget, the U.S. would remain by far the world's dominant military power. The Pentagon's budget this year exceeds $600 billion. Closest rival China said this year its defense budget will top $100 billion for the first time, although the U.S. claims China spends twice as much.

Across the country in Washington, Obama marked the solemn holiday with remembrances at Arlington National Cemetery, and later at the Vietnam War Memorial marking the 50th anniversary of U.S. involvement in Vietnam.

He noted that for the first time in nine years "Americans are not fighting and dying in Iraq. After a decade under the dark cloud of war, we can see the light of the new day on the horizon."

The candidates' comments underscored the political and practical effects the presidential contest could have on America's role in the world.

A new Gallup survey found that veterans prefer Romney over Obama by a double-digit margin, 58 percent to 34 percent. That voting bloc, consisting mostly of older men, makes up 13 percent of the adult population.

Obama won the presidency handily four years ago while losing veterans by 10 points to Sen. John McCain, a former Navy pilot. Neither Obama nor Romney served in the military. Romney's campaign says that during the Vietnam War he received deferments for his Mormon mission to France and academic studies. He later entered the draft lottery, but his number was not called, a spokesman said. Obama, 50, was a child during the Vietnam conflict.

In San Diego, Romney was joined by McCain, a Vietnam veteran who spent more than five years as a prisoner of war. McCain said that Romney, "I believe, is fully qualified to be commander in chief."

Romney noted that he visited Afghanistan and Iraq during his term as Massachusetts governor. But he has limited foreign policy experience.

Still, Romney has been critical of Obama's plans to reduce the military, in addition to the administration's policy toward Syria's handling of the uprising against President Bashar Assad's government.

In a written statement Sunday, Romney said Obama "can no longer ignore calls from congressional leaders in both parties to take more assertive steps in Syria." Romney said the current approach has only given Syrian leaders more time to crackdown on protesters.

World leaders blame the Syrian government for the weekend killing of more than 100 people, including 49 children and 34 women, following peaceful protests.

"I wish I could tell you that the world is a safe place today. It is not," Romney said Monday, ticking off a list of threats including Iran, Pakistan, China, Russia, Venezuela and Mexican drug cartels. He did not mention Syria.

Romney said Monday that America's military might is needed "not so that we just win wars, but so we can prevent wars."

"A strong America is the best deterrent to war that has ever been invented," he said.

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A Rose by Any Other Name: International Crimes or Crimes Against ...

No matter what anyone may say, the names we give to concepts matter a great deal. They have an impact on the way we think about them. For example, in domestic American politics there is an ongoing debate over the value of the recent medical insurance overhaul. Those in favor of the modifications call it the ?Affordable Care Act?, while those who are against the changes call it ?Obama-care?. Both names apply to the exact same identical thing, but one brings forth a personal platform while the other implies a certain usefulness or characteristic. The name international law likewise has traditionally affected the way scholars and judges thought about the discipline. The name itself, ?inter-national?, implies that its rules apply to and among nations, or in modern terms, States.[1]

A terminology that started as a description of this branch of law has become its definition. This contributed to the assertion that ?inter-national? law does not apply or recognize, inter alia, individuals as subjects of the law.[2] While the exclusion of the individual as a subject of international law is still asserted by some, it is now commonly accepted that the individual is a subject of international law as the beneficiary of rights and assignments of duties in human rights law and international criminal law.[3] This has lead some to suggest that international law has evolved into something more akin to a global law.[4] My scope is much more modest in that I will focus on only one branch of international law. I would like to suggest that the time has come to reevaluate the name given to what we currently call ?international criminal law?. The basis for this reevaluation is two fold: (1) the name no longer reflects (if it ever truly did) the nature of the subject matter and (2) many national legal orders do not identify internationals crimes as ?international?, but rather have more nuanced names for the discipline. I will conclude by suggesting more accurate names to describe this discipline.

The first reason to discard the moniker of international criminal law relates to what the term itself means. As mentioned, the word ?inter-national? implies that the behavior or relationships to be regulated by this body of law occur between States. Criminal law, of course, references a body of law creating and punishing crimes. It is axiomatic that State crimes do not currently exist in modern international law. The International Law Commission?s Articles on State Responsibility do not include such a category of international violations even though such terminology was used in earlier drafts.[5] At the same time, international criminal tribunals do not have jurisdiction over States for the crimes within their jurisdiction even when those acts are attributable to a State.[6] The crimes themselves also do not envisage a State as the victim, but rather individuals or collectives of individuals.[7] Nothing about the perpetrator or the victim then is directly ?inter-national?.

The origin of international crimes, however, helps explain the terminology currently used in diplomatic and academic discourse. The first modern international criminal prosecutions took place at the end of the Second World War and were based primarily on violations of treaties.[8] Treaties, by definition, are ?inter-national? agreements.[9] The crimes were therefore acts in violation of ?inter-national? law. Additionally, the crimes were perpetrated in the context of a conflict between States and by individuals associated with one of the parties to that conflict and in furtherance thereof.[10] Neither of these conditions still holds in regards to modern international criminal law.

It is generally accepted that the laws of armed conflict criminalizing, inter alia, the mistreatment of protected persons, apply equally during ?inter-national? armed conflicts, intra-national armed conflicts and conflicts between two non-State groups within and between several States.[11] Under the last scenario, a conflict between two or more non-State groups, the consent of treaty law of a particular State is less relevant. Neither group necessarily has agreed to be bound by the laws of war. Consent however is not required because customary law criminalizes the behavior anyway. What we have under these conditions is a body of law that directly governs the acts of individuals working on behalf of non-State entities regardless of the consent or any specific State.

Outside of the arena of war crimes, it is also generally accepted that there is no need for State involvement for the commission of ?crimes against humanity?, an autonomous branch of international criminal law.[12] Groups that are unaffiliated with a particular State can set the widespread or systematic attack against a civilian population in motion that is necessary for their commission. Private individuals without the involvement of a State, likewise, can commit genocide.[13] These crimes therefore do not carry any link with States, let alone a connection to acts between States, to require the moniker of ?inter-national?.

As this brief description shows, the term ?inter-national? does not reflect the nature of the crimes under consideration. They do not necessarily relate to actions between States, but rather to certain acts that for one reason or another have been criminalized by the international community at the supranational level.

The second reason that reevaluating the name of ?international criminal law? is that the crimes normally associated with this name are often referred to under different names in national legal systems. I will list just a few here for the purpose of illustration. Cape Verde criminalized ?inter-national? crimes in a section of its penal code called ?Crimes Against the International Community?; Estonia refers to these crimes as ?Offenses Against Humanity and International Security?; France refers to them as ?Crimes Against Humanity and Against Persons?; Georgia calls them ?Crimes Against Humanity?; Guatemala calls them ?Crimes of International Transcendence?; and some former Soviet States refer to the crimes as ?Crimes Against Peace and Safety of Mankind?. There is little if any continuity between these terms and even less with the idea of ?inter-national? crimes.

The lack of any meaningful connection to the term ?inter-national? and the diversified practice of naming the same discipline within national legal systems both suggest that the name ?international criminal law? is on its way to being an anachronism if it is not already. There still remains the question of what the discipline should be called. One option would be to use the classic Latin phrase crimes hostis humani generis. Another option would be to invent a new term such as ?crimes against global order? or ?crimes of universal concern?. The better choice would be to adapt the term ?Crimes Against Humanity? to describe the entire field of law instead of a single subset of crimes. This has already been done implicitly by some of the national systems listed above. The sub-branch of the field now referred to as crimes against humanity can be referred to as ?human rights crimes? thereby further casting light on its relationship both to human rights law and its separation from war crimes and humanitarian law.[14] This kind of renaming scheme would better reflect the content of the law and its modern context.

---

[1] The word ?international? is an adjective defined as meaning ?existing, occurring, or carried on between two or more nations.? Nation in turn is defined as ?a large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.? However, this second word in this context is best understood as the State, the modern version of which (at least in the European sense) is the Nation-state. A classic definition of international law is offered in Nuovo Diritto Internazionale Pubblico by Pasquale Fiore in 1888, at p. 20 as that which ?regulates and directs the relations of and between nations?.

[2] L. Oppenheim, International Law (2nd Ed), p. 107 (1911).

[3] See, Malcolm Shaw, International Law (6th ed), p. 45 (2008).

[4] Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo, Diritto Globale (2010).

[5] Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, with Commentaries (2001), A/56/10, pp. 81-83 (?From the first it was recognized that these developments had implications for the

[6] See, inter alia, Articles 1, 25, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.

[7] See, Articles 6-8, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. There is the possible exception of the Crime of Aggression, however, no court currently can exercise jurisdiction over that crime.

[8] See, Article 6, IMT Charter; IMT Judgment (?To assert that it is unjust to punish those who in defiance of treaties [?] attacked neighbouring (sic) States [?] is obviously untrue [?]. Occupying the positions they did in the Government of Germany, the defendants, or at least some of them, must have known of the treaties signed by Germany, outlawing recourse to war for the settlement of international disputes; they must have known that they were acting in defiance of all International Law when in complete deliberation they carried out their designs of invasion and aggression.?)

[9] Article 2, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 115 U.N.T.S. 331.

[10] Article 6, IMT Charter.

[11] See, Report of the Secretary-General Pursuant to Paragraph 5 of Security Council Resolution 955 (1994), S/1995/134, ?? 11-12 (13 February 1995).

[12] Prosecutor v. Ruto, Kosgey & Sang, ICC-01/09-01/11, ? 184 (23 January 2012).

[13] Prosecutor v. Jelisi?, IT-95-10-T, ? 100 (14 December 1999).

[14] I have made this argument at greater length in an article in the New England Journal of International and Comparative Law, vol. 18.1 (2012).

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Take The Initiative With These Self Help Suggestions | How To ...

Seeing a counselor or therapist can be beneficial. These professionals are equipped to discuss very deep, emotional issues and often have many years of experience. Professionals will be able to help you consider all your options and give you more information about available resources. Getting your problems out in the open with a professional should give you a much healthier outlook on your own life.

Keep your limitations in mind and do not push too hard to reach your goals, especially when it comes to physical self-improvement. Although you should always try your best, you should also be aware of your limitations. You need to be careful about your physical health even while you are striving to achieve your goals. Neglecting the physical requirements of your body will actually work against your self improvement efforts.

It is senseless to allow yourself to be consumed with worries. The scenarios in your mind that are caused by worrying are just that, only in your mind. Be realistic and contemplate what you would do if the worst happens, but don?t dwell on it. You will then be prepared and able to move forward.

Everyone needs a sweet, salty or starchy treat sometimes. Stress can be just as detrimental to your health as a sugary meal, so keep that fact in mind, and try to relax.

When you do not calmly handle situations, and overreact, you put your body under needless stress. Learn how to cope with stress, and be sure to analyze the situation carefully. You?ve probably made mistakes, but you can find ways to fix it, or even live with it. Don?t focus on what you lost; focus on what you have.

Being healthy will allow you to focus on other areas of your personal development. When your body lets you know that it needs food, water, rest, or the like, give it what it needs as soon as you can. If you do this, your body will better serve you for the future. You may be sorry if your ignore your bodies wants and needs.

It can be helpful to choose a number to count to, like ten or higher, if you find yourself becoming extremely angry about something. Breath deeply and imagine a calming scene. Stay grounded and only say something you can live with tomorrow.

Write up a motivational speech for yourself. Get a postcard and fill it with positives about yourself, your personality and your accomplishments. Keep this inspirational card with you at all times. Take it a step further and record yourself reading your list. What are the benefits of this?

Despite whatever tips you use, you will have more motivation to develop personally. It may be hard and take a great deal of effort, but you can work on your self-growth knowing you have gotten some excellent advice to help you.

Are you tired of not getting the results you want in your business? What if I told you that there is a way for you to actually attract an endless stream of new distributors and customers directly to you with credit card in hand ready to join, and actually get paid from all the people who say ?no? to your opportunity? Would that peak your interest? Click here now to see details.

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Logbook Loans v/s Payday Loans: Get Comparison Details for Easy ...

Logbook loans and payday loans, both financial options are at great demand. There are several persons in UK who use these financial options to arrange cash in emergency. Procedure of both these cash options is quite different. Objective of this article is to make understand about these available cash options.

About Logbook Loans:

Logbook loans are a secured loan type where you will need to submit the logbook of your car as security against the loan amount. Logbook is legal document that contain the registration details of car as well as details of car like its color, model number, engine number etc. You will need to submit this document to the creditor and in return you can borrow vivid amount maximum of ?50,000 that mainly depends upon the value of your car. Good thing about these loans is that you will be free about the use of your car even during loan period.

About Payday Loans:

Payday loans are short term unsecured loans.

This cash option is designed to meet with instant financial requirement for short repayment period. Time required to repay the loan amount is from 15 days to 30 days or your coming payday whichever is near. You can borrow small cash via this option that is ?85 to ?750. These loans are available with simple eligibility requirement and a steady source of income is quite necessary for borrower.

Difference on basis of benefits:

? ?Payday loans get instant approval and free from any document verification whereas in logbook loans you will need to submit registration details of your car to the creditor.
? ?Payday loans are available for instant cash need of small amount whereas logbook loans can be used for any purpose and minimum borrowed via logbook loans depend upon the value of car.
? ?Logbook loans are free from credit check whereas some financial institutions require good credit for payday loans
? ?Logbook loans are available with extended repayment period whereas repayment period for payday loans is not more than 30 days.

Differences on the basis of pitfalls:

? ?Only car owners can get money via logbook loans but payday loans are available for every employed person
? ?You can lose your car if fails to repay the amount in time but in case of payday loans there is no any such possibilities
? ?Payday loans are available with strict repayment option but Logbook loans provide flexible repayment terms to the borrowers.

These are some basic differences between log book loans and payday loans. You can select any of these cash options depending upon your financial requirements and eligibility to borrow cash. It is recommended to compare available options for affordable cash arrangement options.
?

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News: Keagan Takes Beds Outside | Big Brother Africa StarGame | Africa's Top R

After leading the dramatic alcohol revolt alongside Eve and Alex, Head of House Keagan, took Jesica and Junia's beds from the upstairs bedroom and placed them in the garden, in the early hours of the morning.

Esperanca, Eve and some of the girls were already preparing to sleep when Keagan, Lee and Alex walked in and grabbed mattresses as well as the bed bases.
The girls thought Jesica and Junia were moving out of the bedroom and seemed excited at the prospect of having more space.

Eve even expressed her irritation at Junia's twang. The boys went to work placing the beds on the garden lawn. Keagan attempted to put a heater on the beds, but ditched that idea upon realising that there was a possibility the heater might break.

When Junia and Jesica realised their beds were outside, they made a racket. The two banged pot lids together and insisted Keagan put their beds back in the bedroom.

Protesting

An exasperated Seydou, tired of the noise then helped take the beds back upstairs.

- By NgettyD

Click here and vote to keep Maneta, Mampi or Lady May in the game.

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Rondo lifts Celtics over 76ers into NBA East finals

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Ferrari recalls 56 cars in China

Ferrari's reputation in China took another blow on Friday when the country's quality watchdog said the luxury sports car manufacturer would have to recall 56 imported vehicles because of a defect.

The recall by Ferrari Maserati Cars Sales and Services (Shanghai) Co. covers the 458 Italia, California and FF models, the official Xinhua news agency said, citing the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ).

Problems with the crankshafts for the engines of 458 Italia and California cars manufactured before October 7 last year could cause engine failure, which could lead to crashes, AQSIQ warned.

FF models manufactured before December last year were being recalled because of excessive oil lubrication circuit-processing residues, the report said, adding that Ferrari would replace the defective parts for free.

The famed Italian sports car has hit the headlines for the wrong reasons in China this year and has for some become a symbol of the worst excesses of the new super rich.

There was widespread fury earlier this month when a Ferrari left tyre tracks atop Nanjing's ancient city wall, possibly permanently damaging the protected landmark.

China's outspoken netizens heaped criticism on the automaker after a domestic sales agent allowed the car to be driven on the centuries-old wall in a promotional event.

Last month the son of disgraced leader Bo Xilai, who is being investigated for massive corruption, had to deny reports he drove a Ferrari.

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3 Beneficial Home Improvement Plans

So many homeowners are caught between a rock and hard place and this is why. Instead of making your home more energy efficient, you may have to spend this money elsewhere just to pay your bills. The upside to spending your money on energy efficient products as that your energy bills will significantly diminish. It is always a good idea to do what you can for your household. Losing heat through your attic may be a project you want to take on initially. The best way to seal all leaks is to add thermal insulation to the floor and ceiling area of the attic itself. You need to figure out ways, after finishing this project, to further improve your homes energy efficiency.

Home improvement projects should always be in the back of your mind, and you should use your imagination to discover what needs to be done. You can do something that is relatively inexpensive such as replacing electrical outlet housing covers to improve overall safety. Each room is different in your household, therefore, the covers should also be different and match the decor. We understand if you may think this is not interesting, but this is perfect if your budget is tight. Even if you are not looking for all the covers, they are noticeable from time to time. Installing outlet covers is a nonessential, but beneficial way to improve your homes interior.

This is a tough economic time for people all around the world. Crime is also on the rise. So think about installing a small-scale security system as a home improvement project. For example, you can find all kinds of outdoor lights that are used with a motion detector. Due to the fact that the lights will turn on automatically, anyone outside of your home will be revealed. By installing a hidden video camera with a remote monitor, you can take images and videos of what is outside. This way, when something happens outside of your house, you can see it from inside.

If you live in a cold area, then what follows is an easy home improvement task that will allow you to stay warm. This project involves installing a heat lamp in your bathroom ceiling with a separate light switch for control. You will utilize this to stay warm when you get out of the bath or shower.

This sort of comfort-related improvement does not cost as much as you might think. As well as wiring to expanded electrical switch housing, this lamp isnt hard to install. Once you partake in the warm feeling that it brings after getting out of the shower on a cold winter night, you wont ever want to live without it. It is amazing how much impact a seemingly small addition to a household can have on your lifestyle. A simple sink to your basement could be a great illustration. The installation of something like this will be appreciated by most everyone for different uses. As you have seen, there are some pretty basic projects that are not only simply to do, but are practical as well.

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Islamist and ex-PM vie for mantle of Egypt's revolt

CAIRO (Reuters) - The Muslim Brotherhood and a military man close to ousted leader Hosni Mubarak courted defeated first-round candidates in Egypt's presidential election on Saturday, each trying to claim the mantle of the uprising before a run-off next month.

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State television said the Brotherhood's Mohamed Mursi led this week's vote with 26.4 percent, against 23 percent for ex-air force chief Ahmed Shafiq, according to preliminary results.

Hamdeen Sabahy, a secular leftist came a close third with 21.5 percent, followed by independent Islamist Abdel Moneim Abol Fotouh. Only the top two go to the deciding vote on June 16 and 17. Official first-round results are expected on Tuesday.

But Sabahy's lawyer said he would demand that the electoral committee halt the election until alleged voting irregularities had been investigated and until the constitutional court rules on whether Shafiq was legally eligible to stand.

"We have information that conscripts voted illegally," Sabahy told a raucous crowd of supporters outside his campaign headquarters late on Saturday. "We will not give up the rights of Egyptians."

The choice between Mursi and Shafiq, representing forces that have wrestled for the past six decades, has dismayed many Egyptians who voted for candidates offering a middle ground.

They fear a victory for the 70-year-old Shafiq, Mubarak's last prime minister, would snuff out hopes for change ignited by last year's uprising, while a win for Mursi would pitch Egypt into the uncertainties of experimenting with Islamic rule.

"Bread, freedom and social justice," cried the heaving crowd as Sabahy spoke and "The revolution is still on the street".

A young man kissed a baby held in its mother's arms and said: "The revolution was for you. We did it for you and we won't give it up easily".

The Brotherhood invited Sabahy, Abol Fotouh and other politicians for talks to canvas support before the runoff, but both Abol Fotouh and Sabahy made clear they would not attend.

Abol Fotouh, who had previously appeared to throw his weight behind the Brotherhood, to which he once belonged, said he would not start bargaining with the group over government positions.

"We seek to build a consensus that confronts the (Mubarak-era) remnants, but that also achieves the demands of the revolution and a project for a nation that accommodates all Egyptians with justice," he tweeted. "Clearly we will not be part of deals on distributing (government) posts."

A Brotherhood party official, Yasser Ali, had said the talks would discuss the vice presidency and a coalition government.

Warning of "determined efforts to recreate the old regime", the Brotherhood said parties that backed the anti-Mubarak revolt must unite "so that the revolution is not stolen from us".

The Brotherhood already holds the biggest bloc in parliament after an election completed in January, but has been unable to assert itself against an army-appointed interim government.

WHO STOLE THE REVOLUTION?

Shafiq used strikingly similar language at a news conference in which he addressed youth groups that spearheaded last year's revolt. For many, he represents everything they want changed.

"Your revolution was stolen," Shafiq told them. "I pledge to return its fruits to your hands."

He said "the clock cannot be turned back", but that he would not let Egypt "drown in chaos".

Much of his rhetoric indirectly targeted the Brotherhood, playing on fears among Egypt's minority Christians and secular liberals that a Mursi presidency would threaten their freedoms.

"No exclusion of anyone or distancing of anyone," Shafiq declared. "Everyone has a right to be a part of this nation."

On Friday he told Egyptian television he saw no problem with the idea of a Muslim Brotherhood-led government if he were elected president.

The generals who took over when Mubarak quit on February 11, 2011, have promised to make way for a new president by July 1, formally ending a messy and often bloody political transition.

But the military, the source of all Egypt's past presidents, is keen to keep its privileges and influence, preferably enshrined in a new constitution. Political wrangling has held up the drafting process, so the next president will take office not knowing his powers or those of parliament and government.

Shafiq has won support among Egyptians who see him as the kind of strongman they feel the country needs to end 15 months of political instability, economic failure and rising crime.

Although Mursi topped the poll, his score was unimpressive compared to the Brotherhood's performance in the parliamentary election in which it gained nearly half the seats.

WOOING RIVALS

Reform-minded independents such as Abol Fotouh and Sabahy between them won more votes than either Shafiq or Mursi, hinting at the growth of a new centre in Egypt's fluid political scene.

"The Brotherhood will have to reach out in a grand and dramatic way to the centre and the other political parties if they have any hope of winning their support and any hope of winning the presidency," said Elijah Zarwan of the European Council on Foreign Relations think-tank.

Some of the potential partners in an anti-Shafiq front will demand a political price.

The secular Justice Party, formed after last year's uprising, expressed "deep sorrow" at the result and set tough terms for the Brotherhood to win its support in the run-off.

It demanded a presidential system, whereas the Brotherhood favors a stronger parliament, called for a secular vice-president and said the Islamist movement must formally register itself for the first time in its 84-year-old history.

Long a thorn in Mubarak's side, the Brotherhood has looked increasingly isolated from other parties since his fall, first facing accusations it was slow to join the revolt and then that it acquiesced in the military rule that followed.

Trust in the Brotherhood eroded further when it reversed a pledge to stay out of the presidential race. The group, founded in 1928, says it is the target of a smear campaign.

Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter, whose Carter Center was among several foreign and local organizations that monitored the first-round vote, said procedures appeared to have been fair.

"I have confidence in this process, despite the fact that it's been confused on occasion," he told a news conference.

However, the Center's preliminary report noted some procedural irregularities and lack of secrecy for voters in some polling stations.

"The election authorities prohibited access (for monitors) to the final aggregation of national results, undermining the overall transparency of the process," it added.

(Additional reporting by Marwa Awad, Shaimaa Fayed and Tom Pfeiffer; Writing by Alistair Lyon and Tom Pfeiffer; Editing by Andrew Heavens)

(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2012. Check for restrictions at: http://about.reuters.com/fulllegal.asp

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Steve Ballmer has an 80-inch Windows 8 tablet in his office ? will you have one, too?

Windows executive Mike Angiulo and Windows chief Steven Sinofsky show a giant Windows 8 tablet at a Consumer Preview event earlier this year. (Microsoft photo)

Microsoft has said for a while that it will be offering Windows 8 on everything from tablets to giant screens, and the point was driven home this week when Wired.uk reported that Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer has an 80-inch Windows 8 tablet on the wall in his office.

The company expects to see hardware makers sell similar wall-mounted Windows 8 tablet computers for use in office, Microsoft?s communications chief Frank Shaw confirms.

Microsoft showed a similar screen at the Windows 8 Consumer Preview event, above, so the plan isn?t a major surprise, but it?s notable that Ballmer is already using one of them in his office ? a sign that these could get a serious push for use in businesses.

To be clear, this is not a Microsoft Surface computer, but rather a traditional tablet in giant form.

No word on possible pricing or availability.

Literally putting a computer on a wall won?t be the only solution long term. One of the projects being developed by a startup inside Microsoft?s Kinect Accelerator program uses the Kinect Sensor for Windows to turn a projected screen into a touch screen, as well. See our recent tour for more.

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Farron Cousins | Is Your Water Bottle Giving You Cancer? New ...

Bisphenol A, or BPA for short, has been in the spotlight for decades, with both the chemical industry and occasionally the federal government touting its safety, while independent, non-industry funded scientific studies show us how dangerous the chemical truly is. The latest news regarding BPA is no different, with new independent studies showing that the common chemical has the potential to increase the risk of breast cancer when exposure occurs in the womb.

BPA is a common chemical used primarily in the production of plastics, such as baby bottles, canned goods (lining the inside of cans), soda bottles, and other common plastic goods that typically hold food or beverages (although it is found in countless other polycarbonate plastic products, including medical devices). It helps preserve the life of perishable goods, but comes at a dangerous cost to human health.

The chemical easily leaches out of plastic, and is either consumed by humans, or it can be absorbed through the skin. Estimates show that in the U.S., humans consume about 50 micrograms per kilogram of body weight everyday. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that, at any given time, 93% of Americans have measurable amounts of BPA in their systems.

The latest study, released earlier this month, shows that in utero exposure to BPA in rhesus monkeys led to abnormalities in mammary gland?development.

From News Inferno:
??

This new study involved fetal BPA exposure, revealing chemical alterations in rhesus monkey mammary gland development, said the San Francisco Gate (SF Gate). For the study, researchers fed pregnant rhesus macaques monkeys a piece of fruit that contained BPA every day during their third trimester of pregnancy.

The monkeys? BPA blood levels reached the average level that BPA has been observed in human blood in the U.S., according to Patricia Hunt, a geneticist at Washington State University and a study author, said the SF Gate. The changes observed reinforce concerns that BPA could contribute to breast cancer, according to the team.

The researchers studied the mammary glands of the female offspring of BPA-exposed monkeys and discovered changes in those glands that lead to dense tissue, said the SF Gate. Dense breast tissue is a risk factor for human breast caner, Hunt explained. Prior and new studies conducted by Ana Soto and Carlos Sonnenschein, revealed that exposing rodents to small amounts of BPA could alter mammary gland development and lead to precancerous and cancerous lesions later in life.
?

Ana Soto, a co-author of the new study who has worked on previous BPA studies, said that this new information strongly suggests that ?BPA is a breast carcinogen in humans? and that exposure must be curtailed.

The breast cancer link is just the latest in the chain of health hazards associated with BPA. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) reported in 2008 that exposure to BPA was linked to an increase in cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and liver enzyme abnormalities. And these effects were seen at relatively low-dose amounts of BPA, well below the amount actually consumed by Americans on a daily basis.

Many companies, including Playtex, Gerber, and several baby bottle manufacturers have voluntarily stopped using BPA in their products, as there are currently no national bans on the chemical. To understand why no bans exist, you have to follow the money.

Companies that manufacturer BPA ? including Dow Chemical and Bayer ? are bringing in a combined $6 billion a year selling the product. And that money has been put to good use convincing the American public that there is nothing to worry about.

In fact, they?ve done such a good job with their PR campaigns that they managed to convince the EPA to base their decision on whether or not the chemical is toxic on the industry?s own studies. Every single industry-funded study has shown that BPA is ?completely harmless,? compared to only 10% of independent studies that found no cause for concern.

One of the main defenders of BPA has been the American Chemistry Council (ACC), the leading front group for the chemical industry. To give you a hint at how their operation works, their former president is Jack Gerard, the current president of the American Petroleum Institute. The organization has spent millions of dollars in the last few years to defeat measures by the EPA to regulate the chemical more stringently, all of which were, predictably, dead on arrival.

In 2010, ACC spent almost $10 million in California alone to defeat measures aimed at curtailing BPA usage.

But the failure of the government doesn?t mean all hope is lost.

Consumers have some power to prevent BPA exposure. Choosing BPA-free products can help prevent exposure, as can purchasing fresh vegetables instead of canned items.

This article provides a few more tips on how to take preventative measures. As long as the industry is funneling money into Washington, the only regulation will come from consumers themselves, who can vote on this issue with their own wallets.?

Speaking of wallets, BPA is also used to coat the receipt paper that ends up contacting human skin at cash registers around the world. And a new study shows that the replacement for BPA, known as Bisphenol S, may also pose significant health risks.?

So while the consumer can take some steps to limit exposure, it truly falls to the government to investigate and protect consumers from these harmful chemicals. That will require getting rid of the influence of industry cash flowing into politicians' coffers, the most powerful contaminant of all in our democracy these?days.?

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Apple releases updated iOS 5.1.1 build for GSM/AT&T iPhone 4

Apple has released an updated build 9B208 of iOS 5.1.1 just for your handset.

There doesn?t appear to be any information from Apple on what triggered the new build, though it?s possible some very specific bug or glitch was identified and fixed. If it was incredibly minor, Apple would likely just have filed it away for next time. If it was incredibly major, Apple would likely have pushed it out as new update to ensure every user got it.

As it is, if you?ve already updated to iOS 5.1.1 you won?t see the new version popup as an over-the-air (OTA) update, or as available in iTunes. If you haven?t already updated, you?ll be offered this new version when you do. To force an update from the previous iOS 5.1.1 build to this one, you?ll have to restore to it in iTunes. (And really, there?s almost certainly no reason to do that.)

iOS 5.1.1 was originally released on Monday, May 7. As of May 15, almost 74% of iMore readers had already updated to iOS 5.1.1. Today, one of the major reasons many had waited, an untethered jailbreak for iOS 5.1.1, was released.

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